3D printing
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a modern technology that allows the creation of objects layer by layer based on a digital model. It uses materials such as plastic, metal, ceramics or resin and is widely used in industry, medicine, construction and design. The main advantages of 3D printing include rapid prototyping, low production costs, product personalisation and environmental sustainability.
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What is 3D printing?
Description
3D printing or additive manufacturing (AM) is the process of creating three-dimensional solid objects from a digital file (Additive Manufacturing File - AMF). In additive processes, an object is created by laying continuous layers of material until the entire project is completed. Each of these layers can be thought of as a closely dissected horizontal section of a given object.
When it is appropriate to use 3D printing:
1. low repeatability of parts (up to about 5000 pcs/year) depending on the shape,
2. "prototyping" - verification of the shape, functionality of the shape,
3. Preferable for joining multiple parts into one unit,
4. complexity - the part is so complex that it cannot be produced otherwise,
5. shortening the supply chain.
When it is inappropriate to use 3D printing:
1. slow production for larger quantity of pieces,
2. difficult to operate - need for skilled professionals,
3. precision - for some industries, less precise production in terms of tolerances and deformations.
Properties
The properties of the parts depend on the material used and the technology available
Performances
Design prototyping, functional parts, feature verification, marketing parts, artwork, educational and hobby parts.
Material basis
Available material portfolio:
Thermoplastics - PP, PE, PLA, ABS, PS, HIPS, PVC, PA 12, PA11, PA06, TPU, TPE, PETG, PC, PPE, PEEK, PEI.
Reactoplastics - prototype, engineering and flexible resins.
Composites - PA06 + continuous carbon, glass or Kevlar fibers.
Metal Materials - 316L stainless steel, AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy, Ti64 grade 23 titanium, Inconel 718 alloy, Tool steel.
